Sunday, December 13, 2009

Designing in Sketchup

BaseAssembly.jpg

In my Principles of Technology class, we're using Sketchup to design the parts we will make for the Mendocino Motor. Though we'll fabricate the parts with hand and power tools, you can also use Sketchup to make the files needed to cut parts on a mill, Makerbot, Shopbot or other CNC tools.

The Mendocino Motor project appears in the Teachers' Pet Projects section in MAKE, Volume 20, page 79.

Here are some techniques to design parts for the motor:

First get familiar with the Sketchup interface. This is pretty easy, the software is rather intuitive. A good place to start is by making whole shapes with the rectangle and circle tools. Draw a shape, then use the Push/Pull tool to extrude it up or down. You can make a shape on the side of another shape, then pull it out or push it in. Make some shapes. Mouse over the tool icons and you should see the name of the tool in a popup.

You can also do some neat stuff with the Move tool. If you have a cube, draw a line at the midpoints (again, mouse over, and watch for the popups). If you pull the line up with the Move tool. This will give you something that looks a lot like a roof of a house on the cube. If you pay attention to the color of the line while you are moving it, you'll see that it takes on the color of the blue axis if you are pulling straight up. This means that you are moving parallel to the Z or vertical axis.

As the designers made the software easy to use, it is not very straightforward to resize objects and move features. Some other CAD software packages, such as ProDesktop, ProEngineer, Blender, Solidworks, AutoCAD, Rhino and more definitely do have measurement features that are probably easier to access. In general, these other packages are harder to learn, a tradeoff for their greater precision and parametric features. These other software packages (excepting Blender) will also set you back more than a few bucks, though most offer student/educator versions and discounts to help out some of us.

To get a more accurate design out of Sketchup, you'll want to start paying attention to the measurement box on the bottom right side of the screen. If you make a rectangle and then type in the dimensions you want it to be and hit the enter key, the rectangle will be the size you specified. For reference, I've made a set of screenshots of just about all the steps taken in this tutorial. The tools themselves are not shown on the screenshot, but you can tell which tool is being used by looking at the icons in the toolbar. The measurements of all the parts are listed on the MendoMeasurements page of the course's wiki.

For the base of the motor, we need to make a 3 3/4 by 9 inch rectangle. Draw any rectangle to the right of the origin intersection. Immediately after, type the size, 9, 3 3/4 or 9, 3.75 and hit enter. The rectangle should be resized along the x axis. The first number is the distance along the x axis, the comma separates the x and y values, and the second number is the distance along the y axis. You can check the measurements with the Tape Measure tool.

Next, we'll want to extrude the shape up 3/4 of an inch. To do this, we use the Push/Pull tool. Switch to the tool, then hover over the rectangle. You will see the shading change. Click the mouse and push up any distance. To size the extrusion, type 3/4 or .75 and hit the enter key.

To place the grooves that the magnets will sit in, we need to make some guides. The grooves will be half of the thickness of the wood, or 3/8" and they will be 1/2" thick. Use the Tape Measure tool to make the guide. In the tool, first click on the bottom or top edge of the shape. Drag down and type 3/8 to place the line. It should be a dotted line. On the front edge of the block, make a guide that is 2 1/4" from either end. To locate the other side of the groove, measure towards the middle of the block 1/2" and place another guideline. Next, use the Line drawing tool that looks like a pencil to draw in the three lines of the groove. Once the lines are in place, you can use the Push/Pull tool to remove the material of the groove. Once the file is complete, save it as BaseWithGrooves.skp.

The next two parts are easy to make in Sketchup. The upright is 3 3/4 square and 3/4" thick. When you make the rectangle to start the part, put the coordinates in as 3 3/4, 3/4. This will save you from having to rotate it later. Use the Push/Pull tool to extrude it up to 3 3/4. Save this file as Upright.skp. To make the mirror, use the same process. Make the rectangle with the measurements of 3 3/4, 1/8 and then push it up to 3 3/4. Save this file as Mirror.skp.

Now you have three parts that you have designed. To put them together, you create a new file that you will save as BaseAssembly.skp. Bring in the first part you made, BaseWithGrooves.skp. Place the part at the origin of the three axes. It should snap into place at the origin. While the part is selected, you can go to the Edit menu and Lock the component. This will keep it from moving around later.

Next, you bring in the Upright.skp. Go to the File menu and choose Import. Then find the part. If you also place this part at the origin, you can move it into place with the move tool. You can also eyeball its placement, but let's go for accuracy. Use the Orbit tool to move the view around so you are looking at the origin. You can roll the scroll wheel on the mouse to zoom in and out, or you can use the zoom tool. Click on the upright component with the Move tool, it should have a blue box around it. Select the bottom corner closest to the origin of the axes. Move it up on the Blue axis a bit and type in 3/4. This should place it on the top of the BaseWithGrooves part.

To place the Mirror.skp part, do the same thing. Import the part and place it at the origin. Move it up 3/4" and then move it along the RED? axis 3/4" It should be now placed on top of the BaseWithGrooves and alongside the Mirror part. Save the file.

You can also do some neat visual styling of the parts by selecting them and using the paint bucket tool to color them. If you want to color one face different from the others, you will need to select the part, then go to the Edit menu and choose Explode. This will allow you to change the part, even paint the faces different colors and more.

Saturday, November 21, 2009

Wear your helmet EVERY TIME YOU RIDE

On Tuesday afternoon I went for a refreshing bike ride near my house. Somehow or another, I got clotheslined on a dog's leash as I rode down a dirt path. I flew off my bike at a high rate of speed, landing square on my head. Several hours later, I came to in the ER of the local hospital babbling and repeatedly asking my wife Liz the same handful of questions over and over. Angela was at horseback riding during my misadventure, and ended up staying the night at our neighbor's house and we're tapping our network of friends to get her delivered to and from her many activities.

Physically, I'm kind of a wreck, my head, knee, shoulders, elbow and neck hurt. Mentally, I'm foggy, talking slow, tired, unable to focus on much, can't take much screen time, and overall kind of slow.

Years ago I decided to always wear a bike helmet. I had a bunch of bad spills as a teenager, but that seemed to stop around the time I started wearing a helmet. This was my first big spill since my reckless youth, and probably worse than any I had as a kid.

On Tuesday, I hopped on my bike, helmet on, probably with music going through my headphones, wearing a favorite hoodie and red jacket. Behind the seat I've got a blinky LED array to help my rearward visibility.

Through (probably) no fault of my own, I hit the dog's leash at full speed down hill. The bike stopped, but my body took flight. I ragdolled on the trail where I was peeled off the ground by my neighbor, the EMT. I assume the other end of the leash held the woman who called 911. I bet her arm hurts pretty bad.

Most of the whole day of Tuesday is gone from my memory. Wednesday was a wash, as we waited until after 6pm for the last consult. Thursday went to three doctors' visits that I couldn't drive myself to. Friday held only one dr visit, but I needed rides to and from. This week I missed three days of work, and next week looks like a washout as well. Substitute plans just aren't the same for the students as having me in the classroom.

This has been an enormous disruption, and there is plenty left on the plate. What I would ask of you, my bike riding friends, is to keep this in mind every time you get on a bike, skateboard, set of skis, snowboard or experimental homebrew vehicle. You don't know what will happen to you as you ride, and you cannot control how you will land. Even with a helmet, your life can become amazingly complex in less time than you an say 'look out!'

At the risk of coming off preachy, let me just say:
WEAR YOUR HELMET EVERY TIME!




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Saturday, October 31, 2009

Creepy baby


2009-10-31 20.35.07.jpg, originally uploaded by connors934.

It was getting close to trick or treat time, and I needed something quick. Looking around, I remembered the dismembered dumpscore doll under the desk. Glowing eyes. That's what she needed. Red? sure, but wait, how about these multicolored blinky ones from Jimmie's throwie workshop? Yeah, that'll work. Fire up the Dremel, do a little eye surgery.

Next the circuit. Cut up a piece of stranded CAT5 cable to bring the connections down. Test the polarity before soldering. Put a little heat shrink on the wires before soldering, then move it into place after the connection is cool. Next up, a red LED for the heart. I dug out a 2AA battery pack for the power. The last part of the circuit was a switch so that it could be turned on and off for dramatic effect. Stuff the blinky LEDs into the head cavity, fit them into the eyes, then put the battery pack into the back area. The head is held in place with a zip tie, and she's dressed in some old doll clothes. She took an hour or so of fiddling, but everything in the supplies was already in the room when I started.

Out on Halloween night, she was a hit. I carried her in a sling, just like her older sister when she was a baby. Every so often I would ask people if they would like to see my new baby. As they got close, I flipped the eyes on with the switch behind her neck. Good response. Surprisingly, she raked in a bunch of candy of her own.

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Saturday, September 05, 2009

No gas car September 11th


Here is an idea that I have been working with for a few years: a movement to have people avoid gasoline powered transportation on the anniversary of September 11. I have been doing it since 2002, and I like it. There has been a bit of inconvenience at times: torrential rainpour on the ride home from work a few years ago, and picking up my daughter at a playdate a few towns away on the bike with a tagalong was kind of tough. Each time, though I am confirmed that this is a valuable experience.

It has few rules: Basically, don't drive. If you can use your feet or a bike, great. If you have access to public transportation, make use of it. Carpooling is good, electric drive vehicles are great. If you live too far from work, you could stay with a friend who lives closer and ride or walk in. We can still do business and get our needs satisfied while using less or no fossil fuels.

Here are a few pictures I took a while ago to mark the idea.

If you would like to join me in riding to work each year, then come along. If you have some project ideas that we can work on to help raise awareness, then bring it on.

Friday, May 15, 2009

catsci


catsci, originally uploaded by Dr. Monster.

Science fair fun!